Study, Volunteer, Teach & Internships abroad. CISabroad. Affordable semester, summer, intern programs in 2. Take the next step to achieve your dream! Australia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Coordinates: 2. 7. It is the world's sixth- largest country by total area. Zoos Victoria has three great zoos in Victoria, Australia: Melbourne Zoo, Healesville Sanctuary and Werribee Open Range Zoo. We are a not-for-profit organisation dedicated to fighting wildlife extinction. Operation Smile is an international children's medical charity that provides free life-changing surgeries for children with cleft lip, cleft palate and other facial deformities in more than 60 countries around the world. Australia's development policy and performance framework are available in PDF and Word formats. Australian aid: promoting prosperity, reducing poverty, enhancing stability; Australia’s new development policy and. A FREE online software tool for volunteer management and event planning. Save time with sign up sheets and schedules for schools, sports leagues, business events and more! THERE ARE MANY reasons to engage in volunteer travel, and there are literally thousands of charities and organizations that provide volunteer opportunities for passing travelers. Many ask for donations or fees to. The Nature Conservancy protects Earth's natural resources and beauty. Our conservation efforts are driven by our members. Find golf courses, get golf instruction or research golf clubs. PGA.com has everything you need for your game and full coverage of the PGA of America Championships. Neighbouring countries include Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north- east; and New Zealand to the south- east. For about 5. 0,0. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades; the continent was explored and an additional five self- governing crown colonies were established. On 1 January 1. 90. Commonwealth of Australia. Since federation, Australia has maintained a stable liberal democratic political system that functions as a federalparliamentaryconstitutional monarchy comprising six states and several territories. The population of 2. In 2. 01. 4 Australia had the world's fifth- highest per capita income. With the second- highest human development index globally, Australia ranks highly in many international comparisons of national performance, such as quality of life, health, education, economic freedom, and the protection of civil liberties and political rights. These first inhabitants may have been ancestors of modern Indigenous Australians. The Torres Strait Islanders, ethnically Melanesian, were originally horticulturists and hunter- gatherers. He sighted the coast of Cape York Peninsula in early 1. February at the Pennefather River near the modern town of Weipa on Cape York. A camp was set up and the flag raised at Sydney Cove, Port Jackson, on 2. January 1. 78. 8. The first settlement led to the foundation of Sydney, and the exploration and settlement of other regions. A British settlement was established in Van Diemen's Land, now known as Tasmania, in 1. Melbourne was the temporary seat of government from 1. Canberra was being constructed. Australia adopted it in 1. Since the 1. 97. 0s and following the abolition of the White Australia policy, immigration from Asia and elsewhere was also promoted. Since the election of the Whitlam Government in 1. The Queen is represented in Australia by the Governor- General at the federal level and by the Governors at the state level, who by convention act on the advice of her ministers. Voting is compulsory for all enrolled citizens 1. In cases where no party has majority support, the Governor- General has the constitutional power to appoint the Prime Minister and, if necessary, dismiss one that has lost the confidence of Parliament. Liberal Party leader Tony Abbott was sworn into office as Prime Minister by the Governor- General of Australia on 1. September. In September 2. Malcolm Turnbull successfully challenged Abbott for leadership of the Coalition, and was sworn in as the 2. Prime Minister of Australia. In most respects these two territories function as states, but the Commonwealth Parliament can override any legislation of their parliaments. By contrast, federal legislation overrides state legislation only in areas that are set out in Section 5. Australian Constitution; state parliaments retain all residual legislative powers, including those over schools, state police, the state judiciary, roads, public transport and local government, since these do not fall under the provisions listed in Section 5. The states are sovereign entities, although subject to certain powers of the Commonwealth as defined by the Constitution. The lower houses are known as the Legislative Assembly (the House of Assembly in South Australia and Tasmania); the upper houses are known as the Legislative Council. The head of the government in each state is the Premier and in each territory the Chief Minister. The Queen is represented in each state by a Governor; and in the Northern Territory, the Administrator. In 2. 00. 5 Australia secured an inaugural seat at the East Asia Summit following its accession to the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia, and in 2. Sixth East Asia Summit in Indonesia. Australia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, in which the Commonwealth Heads of Government meetings provide the main forum for co- operation. A founding member country of the United Nations, Australia is strongly committed to multilateralism. The titular role of Commander- in- Chief is vested in the Governor- General, who appoints a Chief of the Defence Force from one of the armed services on the advice of the government. Surrounded by the Indian and Pacific oceans. The world's smallest continent. This exclusive economic zone does not include the Australian Antarctic Territory. Mount Augustus, claimed to be the world's largest monolith. At 2,2. 28 metres (7,3. Mount Kosciuszko on the Great Dividing Range is the highest mountain on the Australian mainland. Even taller are Mawson Peak (at 2,7. Australian territory of Heard Island, and, in the Australian Antarctic Territory, Mount Mc. Clintock and Mount Menzies, at 3,4. The name is not strictly accurate, because parts of the range consist of low hills, and the highlands are typically no more than 1,6. The northernmost point of the east coast is the tropical- rainforested Cape York Peninsula. Dark green represents the lowest elevation and dark brown the highest. The landscapes of the Top End and the Gulf Country. To the south of these and inland, lie more areas of grassland: the Ord Victoria Plain and the Western Australian Mulga shrublands. Prominent features of the centre and south include Uluru (also known as Ayers Rock), the famous sandstone monolith, and the inland Simpson, Tirari and Sturt Stony, Gibson, Great Sandy, Tanami, and Great Victoria deserts, with the famous Nullarbor Plain on the southern coast. Much of the northern part of the country has a tropical, predominantly summer- rainfall (monsoon) climate. Fungi typify that diversity; an estimated 2. About 8. 5% of flowering plants, 8. Nevertheless, Australia's carbon dioxide emissions per capita are among the highest in the world, lower than those of only a few other industrialised nations. In terms of average wealth, Australia ranked second in the world after Switzerland in 2. With the 2. 00. 6 merger of the Australian Stock Exchange and the Sydney Futures Exchange, the Australian Securities Exchange became the ninth largest in the world. The country was ranked second in the United Nations 2. Human Development Index and first in Legatum's 2. Prosperity Index. Australia has a balance of payments that is more than 7% of GDP negative, and has had persistently large current account deficits for more than 5. In 2. 00. 7 2. 28,6. Newstart unemployment allowance recipients were registered, a total that increased to 6. March 2. 01. 3. The service sector of the economy, including tourism, education, and financial services, accounts for about 7. GDP. Although agriculture and natural resources account for only 3% and 5% of GDP respectively, they contribute substantially to export performance. Australia's largest export markets are Japan, China, the US, South Korea, and New Zealand. In the 2. 01. 1 Australian census, the most commonly nominated ancestries were English (3. Australian (3. 5. Following World War II and through to 2. Australians were born in another country. Indigenous Australians experience higher than average rates of imprisonment and unemployment, lower levels of education, and life expectancies for males and females that are, respectively, 1. Australians. In 2. According to the 2. English is the only language spoken in the home for close to 8. The next most common languages spoken at home are Mandarin (1. Italian (1. 5%), Arabic (1. Cantonese (1. 3%), Greek (1. Vietnamese (1. 2%). The remaining 9. 4% of the population did not provide an adequate answer. Mainland Aboriginal Australians' spirituality is known as the Dreamtime and it places a heavy emphasis on belonging to the land. The collection of stories that it contains shaped Aboriginal law and customs. Aboriginal art, story and dance continue to draw on these spiritual traditions. The spirituality and customs of Torres Strait Islanders, who inhabit the islands between Australia and New Guinea, reflected their Melanesian origins and dependence on the sea. The 1. 99. 6 Australian census counted more than 7. Aboriginal religion. Christian churches have played an integral role in the development of education, health and welfare services in Australia. For much of Australian history the Church of England (now known as the Anglican Church of Australia) was the largest religious denomination. However, multicultural immigration has contributed to a decline in its relative position, and the Roman Catholic Church has benefitted from recent immigration to become the largest group. Similarly, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism and Judaism have all grown in Australia over the past half- century. Education is the responsibility of the individual states and territories. Catholic education accounts for the largest non- government sector. Australia has 3. 7 government- funded universities and two private universities, as well as a number of other specialist institutions that provide approved courses at the higher education level. The ratio of international to local students in tertiary education in Australia is the highest in the OECD countries. Ranked second in preventable causes is hypertension at 7. Their works are still very popular; Paterson's bush poem . Each state has a publicly funded theatre company. Each major city has at least one daily newspaper. The annual Melbourne Cup horse race and the Sydney to Hobart yacht race attract intense interest. As well as being a regular FIFA World Cup participant, Australia has won the OFC Nations Cup four times and the AFC Asian Cup once . Other major international events held in Australia include the Australian Open tennis grand slam tournament, international cricket matches, and the Australian Formula One Grand Prix. The highest- rating television programs include sports telecasts such as the Summer Olympics, FIFA World Cup, The Ashes, Rugby League State of Origin, and the grand finals of the National Rugby League and Australian Football League. Parliamentary Handbook of the Commonwealth of Australia (2.
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